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ο Φάρος του Πρασονησίου Ρόδου |
Ο Φάρος Αρμενιστή στη Μύκονο |
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Ο Φάρος του Κάβο Πάπας στην Ικαρία |
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ο Φάρος του Πρασονησίου Ρόδου |
2) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΑΓΙΟΥ ΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΥ ΡΟΔΟΥ
3) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΠΡΑΣΟΝΗΣΙ ΡΟΔΟΥ
4) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΚΑΛΟΛΙΜΝΟΥ
5) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΠΑΠΑΣ ΙΚΑΡΙΑΣ
6) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΑΡΜΕΝΙΣΤΗΣ ΜΥΚΟΝΟΥ
7) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΠΑΤΡΑΣ
8) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΝΑΥΠΑΚΤΟY
9) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΧΑΝΙΩΝ
12) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΑΦΟΡΕΣΜΕΝΟΥ (ΑΓΙΟΥ ΙΩΑΝΝΗ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ)
13) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΔΡΕΠΑΝΟ ΧΑΝΙΩΝ
15) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΒΡΥΣΑΚΙ ΣΤΟ ΛΑΥΡΙΟ, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ
16) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΓΑΥΔΟΥ
1) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΚΑΝΔΕΛΛΙΟΥΣΑΣ
2) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΑΓΙΟΥ ΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΥ ΡΟΔΟΥ
3) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΠΡΑΣΟΝΗΣΙ ΡΟΔΟΥ
5) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΠΑΠΑΣ ΙΚΑΡΙΑΣ
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το αυθεντικό φανάρι και ο μηχανισμός του εκτίθενται στο Ναυτικό Μουσείο της Μυκόνου |
9) ΦΑΡΟΣ ΧΑΝΙΩΝ
λεπτομέρειες από τα διακοσμητικά αιγυπτιακά στοιχεία |
Έξω από τον Φάρο υπάρχουν αναμνηστικά λουκέτα που παραδοσιακά υπόσχονται αιώνια αγάπη.
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Ηλιοβασίλεμα στον Φάρο της Γαύδου |
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Η κεντρική είσοδος στον Φάρο της Γαύδου και το μικρό της καφενεδάκι. Δεξιά, ο Φαροφύλακας της Γαύδου, ένας από τους ελάχιστους στην Ελλάδα |
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ο Φάρος της Αλεξανδρούπολης τη δεκαετία του 1990 |
Ο φάρος της Ναυπάκτου (ανάρτηση με φωτογραφία μου)
Η λίστα με τους 120 Φάρους της Ελλάδας : ΦΑΡΟΙ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΑΣ (ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΑΚΟΙ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΙ ΦΑΡΟΙ)
Η λίστα με τους Φάρους που συνήθως είναι ανοιχτοί για το κοινό την Παγκόσμια Ημέρα Φάρων: Παγκόσμια Ημέρα Φάρων: Ανοιχτοί για το κοινό 29 φάροι της χώρας – Ποιους μπορείτε να επισκεφθείτε
THE STONE LIGHTHOUSES OF GREECE
MY LIGHTHOUSES
Lighthouses are one of the most beautiful subjects for photography and often one of the most difficult due to dangerous access. After the challenge of photographing the lighthouse of Kandeliousa, I thought that a collection of lighthouse photographs would be very interesting. So I began this effort with the lighthouses of the Dodecanese and continue with the rest of Greece—and why not abroad as well.
Here I present the first 18 lighthouses, with the hope that this post will be enriched with new additions every year on the World Lighthouse Day, which this year is celebrated on August 18.
The Greek lighthouse network today counts 120 traditional lighthouses with an average age of about 2 centuries. Only 20 of them are in good condition, while another 30 are considered to be in moderate condition. Until 1980, the Lighthouse Service employed 320 lighthouse keepers who maintained the network and prevented damage to the structures. Gradually, the number of lighthouse keepers declined, and today they do not exceed 70.
Most lighthouses remain hermetically closed, either due to poor condition from lack of maintenance, or because entry is prohibited as they belong to the Navy, or simply due to lack of personnel. Some of them open only once a year on the occasion of World Lighthouse Day.
In the Dodecanese, five (5) old traditional stone lighthouses survive to this day. Two of them are on Rhodes (Prasonisi and Agios Nikolaos), one on the islet of Strongyli in Kastellorizo, one on the islet of Kandeliousa, and one on Kalolimnos.
List of lighthouses presented in order:
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Lighthouse of Kandeliousa
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Lighthouse of Agios Nikolaos, Rhodes
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Lighthouse of Prasonisi, Rhodes
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Lighthouse of Kalolimnos
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Lighthouse of Papas, Ikaria
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Lighthouse of Armenistis, Mykonos
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Lighthouse of Patras
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Lighthouse of Nafpaktos
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Lighthouse of Chania
Lighthouse of Skinari, Zakynthos
Lighthouse of Sideros, Corfu
Lighthouse of Aforesmenos (Agios Ioannis, Crete)
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Lighthouse of Drepanos, Chania
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Lighthouse of Rethymno
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Lighthouse of Vrysaki, Lavrio, Attica
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Lighthouse of Gavdos
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Lighthouse of Kassandra, Halkidiki (Cape Poseidi, Halkidiki)
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Lighthouse of Alexandroupolis
LIGHTHOUSES OF THE DODECANESE
1) LIGHTHOUSE OF KANDELLIOUSA
This lighthouse was constructed in 1890 by the French Ottoman Lighthouse Company. Its tower height is 10 meters, and its focal height is 55 meters. It is installed on the islet of Kandelliousa in the Dodecanese, southwest of Nisyros. Access to the lighthouse is by boat from Nisyros or Tilos.
2) LIGHTHOUSE OF AGIOS NIKOLAOS, RHODES
This lighthouse was constructed in 1863 by the French Lighthouse Company. Its tower height is 6 meters, and its focal height is 25 meters. It is located at the edge of the harbor of Rhodes’ capital, on the castle. It was incorporated into the Greek lighthouse network in 1947, following the annexation of the Dodecanese.
3) LIGHTHOUSE OF PRASONISI, RHODES
4) LIGHTHOUSE OF KALOLIMNOS
This lighthouse was constructed in 1864 by the French Ottoman Lighthouse Company. Its tower height is 6 meters, and its focal height is 70 meters. It is installed on the islet of Kalolimnos in the Dodecanese, northeast of Kalymnos, next to the Imia islets. It was incorporated into the Greek lighthouse network in 1947 with the integration of the Dodecanese. Access to the lighthouse is by boat from the capital of Kalymnos, Pothia, with a special permit.
LIGHTHOUSES IN THE REST OF GREECE
5) LIGHTHOUSE OF PAPAS, IKARIA
This lighthouse first became operational in 1890 by the French Lighthouse Company. The height of its cylindrical tower is 11 meters, and its focal height is 65 meters. Tradition says it owes its name to a priest who once almost shipwrecked in the waters of Ikaria opposite the lighthouse. It was incorporated into the Greek lighthouse network after the Balkan Wars of 1912-13. It belongs to the Hellenic Navy and is one of the few lighthouses in Greece that still has an active lighthouse keeper.
6) LIGHTHOUSE OF ARMENISTIS, MYKONOS
(The original lantern and mechanism are exhibited at the Mykonos Maritime Museum.)
7) LIGHTHOUSE OF PATRAS
When it was first built, it functioned as a beacon. However, with the construction of the breakwater, this role was discontinued. In the Agios Andreas area, a modern lighthouse was constructed in 1999, faithfully replicating the old one demolished in 1972, which is now a landmark of Patras. It is located opposite the church of Agios Andreas. The area hosts a café and ouzeri and is also used for events and concerts.
8) LIGHTHOUSE OF NAFPAKTOS
This lighthouse was constructed in 1909. The height of its stone tower is 8 meters, and its focal height is 16 meters. It is located within the port of Nafpaktos and forms part of the old city fortress.
9) LIGHTHOUSE OF CHANIA
The lighthouse of the old port of Chania has stood for over five centuries. It has become the city’s recognizable symbol worldwide. Its history is intertwined with that of the port. In 1212 AD, the Venetians conquered all of Crete. They decided to build a new city on ancient Kydonia (today’s Chania). The port is not entirely natural. Construction began between 1320 and 1356 AD, continuing for the next 200 years, during which the lighthouse was also built in a form different from today. From 1645 to 1830, Crete was under Ottoman occupation. They did not use the port of Chania but that of Souda. Over the years, the lighthouse deteriorated due to lack of maintenance. In 1830, the British handed Crete over to the Egyptians. Many public works were then carried out. The lighthouse was repaired on its original base, but the new lighthouse differs from the old one, resembling more a minaret. It has an internal staircase leading to a balcony with a glass tower. Recent surveys for replacing the lighthouse showed that its Venetian base is separated from the rest of the lighthouse by a wooden grating.
10) LIGHTHOUSE OF SKINARI, ZAKYNTHOS
This lighthouse was constructed in 1897. The height of its stone tower is 9.5 meters, and its focal height is 67 meters. Access to the lighthouse is by road, starting from the village of Volimes toward the namesake Cape Skinari of Zakynthos, known for its “Blue Caves.”
11) LIGHTHOUSE OF SIDEROS, CORFU
This lighthouse was constructed in 1822 by the British during the era of the Ionian State, on the fortress of Corfu, atop its western bastion (Cape Sideros or Saint Isidore), almost integrated into the castle walls.
The height of its tower is 8.5 meters, and its focal height is 78 meters. Access to the lighthouse is easy as it is located on the castle walls within the city of Corfu. It was incorporated into the Greek lighthouse network in 1863 with the annexation of the Ionian Islands. In 1887, its lamp was replaced with a Fresnel lens of the 4th order, made by Sautter-Lemonier, with a fixed white light and a visibility of 15 nautical miles. In 1926, it was replaced with an automatic acetylene beacon, giving a strong white Dalen light with a visibility of 18 miles. In 1941, it was destroyed by the Germans and resumed operation in 1944. Today the lighthouse is automated with a visibility of 13 nautical miles and is unstaffed. The lighthouse building, the oldest in Greece, is preserved and still used, though not for lighthouse operations.
The Old Fortress is on the eastern side of the port of Corfu. It was built during the Byzantine Empire and later reinforced first by the Venetians and then by the British.
It had a moat and a drawbridge, which has been replaced by an iron bridge connecting the fortress to the city.
The most important monuments in the fortress are: the main gate, the bastions Savornian, Martinengo, and Mandraki, the land and sea towers, the church of Saint George, the “Romanesque church,” the prisons, the British hospital, and the British barracks. The fortress also houses the Public Library, Archives, Byzantine Collection, the Conference Center, as well as the clock tower and the lighthouse.
12) LIGHTHOUSE OF AFORESEMENOS (SAINT JOHN), CRETE
The lighthouse of Saint John, or Lighthouse of Aforesmenos, was built in 1864 by the French Lighthouse Company on the eponymous cape. Its tower height is 9 meters, and its focal height is 49 meters. It was incorporated into the Greek Lighthouse Network on May 6, 1915, and during the reorganization of the network in 1951, it resumed operation using acetylene as a power source.
Today it operates as an automatic lighthouse using a photovoltaic system, and restoration efforts are underway through private initiatives and local authorities.
According to legend, when Caiaphas crucified Christ, he set out for Rome to meet Caesar but died from a disease that spread among the ship’s crew. Being a lord, he needed to be buried. Arriving in Crete, they approached the small Mirabello Bay, but the sea suddenly rose. Nevertheless, experienced sailors managed to reach the shore and bury Caiaphas.
The cape was named "Aforesmenos" (“the Accursed”) because, according to tradition, the one who crucified Christ was buried there, and the sea at that point never calmed. Many 19th-century nautical guides advised captains to sail at least one mile away from the cape of Aforesmenos.
We reached it after a 600 km road trip from Chania to the Wind Farm of Saint John in Lasithi.
13) LIGHTHOUSE OF DREPANO, CHANIA
Located on the northern side of Crete, in Chania Prefecture, east of the mouth of Souda Bay, at Cape Drepano.
This lighthouse was built in 1864 by the French Lighthouse Company. Its octagonal tower is 7 meters high, and its focal height is 60 meters.
It first became operational in 1864, when the region was under Ottoman rule. It was incorporated into the Greek Lighthouse Network in 1913.
During World War II, invading forces removed its lighting equipment, and it remained off until 1945, when it was reactivated with new oil lighting equipment as part of the lighthouse network’s reconstruction. In 1979, the lighthouse was electrified.
The Drepano lighthouse building is a single-story house, consisting of a hall, a corridor, three rooms, a kitchen with a shower, and a storage room.
Drepano Lighthouse is one of the 56 staffed or overseen traditional lighthouses in Greece, whose total number does not exceed 120. It belongs to the Hellenic Navy and is not open to visitors, except on World Lighthouse Day or with special permission. We were guided there by the lighthouse keeper, Mr. Kapokakis, who for two hours introduced us to the secrets and history of this wonderful lighthouse.
14) LIGHTHOUSE OF RETHYMNO
This lighthouse was built in 1864. The height of its stone tower is 9 meters, and its focal height is 49 meters. Access to the lighthouse is easy, as it is located in the old Venetian harbor of Rethymno, Crete.
The lighthouse of the Venetian harbor of Rethymno is the second largest remaining Egyptian-style lighthouse in Crete, after the lighthouse of Chania.
Details from the decorative Egyptian elements: Some believed it to be Turkish, others Venetian. Recent research has shown that its origin is Egyptian, and it was built in 1838, during the Egyptian rule of Mehmet Ali (Muslim year 1254 AH, corresponding to 1838–1839 AD, thus at the end of the Egyptian administration).
For some reason, we found the lighthouse door open, which allowed us to climb the dangerous stone staircase inside to the top. I would not recommend it, as the scaffolding is unstable, but the view is magical and the stone staircase is unique.
Outside the lighthouse, there are commemorative locks that traditionally promise eternal love.
17) KASSANDRA LIGHTHOUSE, HALKIDIKI (POSEIDI CAPE, KASSANDRA)
This lighthouse, located on Poseidi Cape in Kassandra, Halkidiki, was built in 1864 by the French Lighthouse Company. It originally operated on oil, when the area was under Ottoman rule.
It became part of the Greek Lighthouse Network after the Balkan Wars in 1913. During World War II, it remained dark and was reactivated in 1944, again using oil as its energy source.
In 1975, it was electrified, the oil mechanisms were replaced, and it began operating on electric power. The tower’s height is 14.5 meters, and its focal height is 23 meters. The Poseidi Lighthouse belongs to the Hellenic Navy.
18) ALEXANDROUPOLI LIGHTHOUSE
In the 1850s, when a small port began to form in the area of today’s Alexandroupoli harbor, the need for a lighthouse arose to aid local sailors and ships traveling to and from the Hellespont. Thus, west of the harbor, a cylindrical tower with a broad base was constructed from dressed stone. At its top, a beacon (lighthouse lamp) was installed for coastal and maritime navigation.
The lighthouse was built by a French Lighthouse and Beacon Company of the Mediterranean under a contract with the Ottoman government at the time. The exact construction time is unknown. It was inaugurated and first lit on June 1, 1880, operating initially with acetylene. Later, it ran on oil using combustion methods. Since 1974, it has operated on electricity but also has backup acetylene bottles in case of power outages. Repairs and modifications to the building were made in 1946 and 1955, and in 2002, the electrical equipment was replaced with modern technology.
At the top of the building is the lantern room. A hollow mirror rotates around the lamp, directing the light onto prisms arranged around it. Before electricity was used, the mirror’s rotation required a counterweight and pulley system managed by the lighthouse keeper. To reach the top, one must climb 98 steps, including six large landings. Beside each landing is a narrow window facing south to illuminate the interior.
The lighthouse building is 18 meters high from the ground and 27 meters (focal height) above mean sea level. Its coordinates are 40°50′07″ N, 25°52′05″ E. Its characteristic signal is three white flashes every 15 seconds (0.38 + 2.12 + 0.38 + 2.12 + 0.38 + 9.62 = 15 s). Its nominal range is 24 nautical miles (approximately 44 km in ideal conditions).
It operates under the direct supervision of Lighthouse Service personnel and is one of the few manned lighthouses remaining today. It is a maritime symbol of Alexandroupoli. As part of the 1994 Naval Week celebration by the Society of Antiquarians and Cultural Heritage of Evros, a marble plaque detailing its history was placed at its entrance.
Finally, a lighthouse in general is one of the most beautiful symbols. A lighthouse signifies harbor, safety, salt, hope, boundless serenity, but also storm, strength, adventure, mystery, and solitude. A lighthouse is a landmark, like some people, like some days.
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